We use software applications every day to perform tasks more efficiently and accurately. These tools, from Microsoft Windows and Google Sheets to complex ERPs and anti-malware programs, help us conduct our daily activities directly or indirectly.
Thanks to the advancement of technology, we have numerous cutting-edge tools that accommodate our changing needs. For instance, small businesses use spreadsheets to manage their finances. However, using spreadsheets to manage finances is not feasible for large enterprises with billions of dollars of revenue, and that’s where accounting software can help.
With so many types of diverse software, it could be confusing to understand which ones you need and how they can benefit your business.
But before that, let us understand what software is, the different types of software, and how did it evolve? Let’s discuss these things and more.
What is Software?
Software is a collection of data, programs, and logic that tell a computer how to run and perform specific tasks. It is typically stored on external long-term memory, such as the system’s hard drive. However, when it is in use, the computer temporarily stores it in the RAM (Random Access Memory).
Some common examples of software used in business organizations include Microsoft Word, Gmail, Adobe Photoshop, and Google Chrome. Depending on the type of software you use, you might need to purchase the license or pay for the subscription monthly/annually.
The Emergence of Software
The history of software can be traced back to the 1940s when it had instructions written in binary code for mainframe computers. Software development hit big after the release of personal computers in the 1970s and 1980s.
For instance, VisiCalc, the first spreadsheet software program for personal computers, was launched in 1979. Initially developed for Apple II computers, VisiCalc sold over a million copies. Eventually, new software types were built after modern programming languages were developed.
In the 1990s, open-source software was the major innovation in the software industry. For example, the Linux Kernel, which laid the foundation for the open-source Linux operating system, was released in 1991. Another notable release was of the Java programming language in 1995, which became the basis of numerous prominent software applications we use today.
Types of Software
Several types of software exist, but they can be categorized into two kinds.
- Application Software
- System Software
Let’s look at them in detail.
Application Software
Application software are the tools that you engage with the most. They allow you to perform specific tasks, make things easier, and boost your productivity. Here are some examples of application software that enable you to do the necessary functions.
- Skype: It allows you to communicate with people via chat, audio, and video messages.
- FirstBit: One of the best quality ERP software in Dubai, FirstBit brings all your departments together. The ERP system also empowers you to comply with UAE laws and regulations.
- Mailchimp: It is a leading email marketing platform for businesses. It also comes with various automation features to help marketers do more in less time.
- Slack: It is an internal communication tool that allows you to bring all your employee interactions to one place. You can chat, call, and even share files via it.
Application software is often considered non-essential, meaning you do not necessarily need them. It all depends on your business requirements. For instance, an FMCG company would benefit from food ERP software, while a financial company would prefer an accounting system.
System Software
System software enables the hardware, software, and the user to interact with one another. In other words, they provide the environment for running a system. Without system software, your electronic gadget isn’t worth anything. There are different types of the system software, including Windows, macOS, Linux, Android, and iOS.
Unlike application software, you don’t use system software. Instead, it runs in the background and allows you to use application software. Thus, it is also known as “low-level software.”
Additional Types of Software You Might Want to Know
Apart from application and system software, there are other types of computer software that you’d want to use.
1- Programming Software
As the name suggests, programming software allows you to create other software programs, including application and system software. It is not for end-users but for coders and developers. They translate programming languages (e.g., Java, C, Python, etc.) into machine language. They’re often divided into three sections.
- Compilers: They convert the code into machine language and execute it.
- Interpreters: They run the source code you wrote.
- Assemblers: They translate computer instructions into machine code.
Key examples of programming software include Eclipse (for Java), Notepad++ (for Windows), and Sublime Text (a cross-platform editor for Windows, Linux, and Mac).
2- Driver Software
These applications enable a connection between hardware, peripherals, and control devices connected to a computer. They allow you to give instructions to the hardware to perform specific tasks. Even in-built computer components, like a speaker and WiFi, require their own driver.
Thousands of drivers are available, but you only need a few to ensure a seamless connection. For instance, a printer driver would allow you to connect different printers and print documents seamlessly.
3- Freeware
Any software that is free to use is known as freeware software. You can download and use them for free, although they might have a paid version with advanced features. It is worth noting that they fall under the application software category but are known as freeware because they’re free to use. Some examples include,
- G Suite (Gmail, Google Docs, Google Sheets, etc.)
- Social media (Facebook, Instagram, and WhatsApp)
- Adobe Acrobat Reader
4- Shareware
These tools require you to pay a one-time licensing fee or monthly subscription to use them. However, they come with a free trial that gives you access to all the features of the tool for a limited time. This allows you to test the software before committing to it. Some examples of shareware include,
- Adobe Photoshop
- Netflix
- Adblock Plus
- MS Office
5- Open Source Software
This type of software has open-source code available for everyone to use. Anyone can modify and share the code. They’re developed and maintained by a community rather than a company. Some examples include,
- VLC Media Player
- Python
- Mozilla Firefox
- WordPress
- PHP
6- Closed Source Software
Any software not disclosing the source code is known as closed-source software. Also known as proprietary software, the tool’s code is the intellectual property of the company (or developer). Here are some examples of closed-source software.
- .NET
- Java
- Android
- Google Earth
7- Utility Software
Utility software is a subgroup of System software. They enable you to manage the performance of hardware and software in your computer. Some examples include,
- Task manager
- File compressor
- Antivirus and security software
- Disk cleaner
Wrapping Up
Software enables you to perform certain tasks, improve efficiency, and save time. You can categorize them based on function, such as application software, system software, programming software, and utility software. You can also classify them based on code availability, such as open-source and closed-source.
Ready to choose the right software for your business?
